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Remote Sensing for Land & Resources    2021, Vol. 33 Issue (1) : 231-239     DOI: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2020122
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Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in the Mongolian Plateau and its response to climate change
WANG Jiaxin1,3(), SA Chula1,3(), MAO Kebiao2, MENG Fanhao1,3, LUO Min1,3, WANG Mulan1,3
1. School of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3. Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010022, China
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Abstract  

As an important water resource, soil water has a significant impact on the distribution and growth of vegetation by its temporal and spatial distribution and dynamic changes. The Mongolian Plateau is a typical arid-semi-arid climate zone, and it is also a major component of the temperate grasslands of the Eurasian continent. Changes in soil water content caused by climate change will undoubtedly have a direct impact on the health and stability of the grassland ecosystem. Clarifying the soil moisture of the Mongolian Plateau as well as the temporal and spatial characteristics and their response to climate change helps provide scientific support for the formulation of ecological protection related policies. Based on GLDAS-Noah soil moisture data, the authors used linear regression analysis, correlation analysis, and Mann-Kendall (MK) test methods to analyze the temporal and spatial patterns, changing trends, and mutation characteristics of soil moisture at different depths from 1982 to 2018. Combined with CRU temperature and precipitation data, the authors explored the response of soil moisture to changes in meteorological factors. The results are as follows: ① The annual average soil moisture of the Mongolian Plateau is generally in a spatial distribution pattern of “high in the northeast and low in the southwest”, and there are obvious high-value areas, transitional zones and low-value areas. ② In the past 37 years, the soil moisture of 0~10 cm (SM1) in the Mongolian Plateau has shown an insignificant upward trend, with a rate of change of 0.002 m 3/m3/10 a. The results of MK showed that a sudden change occurred around 2012; soil moisture of 10~40 cm (SM2), the downward trend was more significant, the rate of change was -0.005 m3/m3/10 a, and its sudden change occurred around 1996. ③ The correlation analysis based on the pixel scale shows that the soil moisture in different seasons has a significant positive correlation with precipitation on the whole, and has a significant negative correlation with temperature.

Keywords Mongolian Plateau      soil moisture      climate change      GLDAS     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Corresponding Authors: SA Chula     E-mail: 2930361488@qq.com;sachulan@126.com
Issue Date: 18 March 2021
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Jiaxin WANG
Chula SA
Kebiao MAO
Fanhao MENG
Min LUO
Mulan WANG
Cite this article:   
Jiaxin WANG,Chula SA,Kebiao MAO, et al. Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in the Mongolian Plateau and its response to climate change[J]. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2021, 33(1): 231-239.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2020122     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2021/V33/I1/231
Fig.1  Mongolian Plateau elevation and land cover types map
Fig.2  Accuracy verification of GLDAS soil moisture data and soil moisture data at measured sites
Fig.3  Inter-annual changes in soil moisture in the Mongolian Plateau from 1982 to 2018
Fig.4  Significance test of annual mean soil moisture variation trend in the Mongolian plateau from 1982 to 2018
Fig.5  Spatial distribution and interannual variation of average soil moisture in Mongolia’s original high during 1982—2018
Fig.6  Anomalies of the original high annual average temperature and precipitation in Mongolia
相关性 分布范围
R		 SM1 SM2
春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬
显著负相关 -0.8~-0.5 1.1 1.5
低度负相关 -0.5~-0.3 1.1 18.1 0.07 20.8
负弱相关 -0.3~0 0.4 0.2 0.2 31.2 65.1 0.7 8.3 58.8
正弱相关 0~0.3 13.1 6.5 9.1 51.2 15.5 8.7 27.6 18.7
低度正相关 0.3~0.5 28.7 18.6 28.2 13.9 0.2 20.3 35.1 0.1
显著正相关 0.5~0.8 57.6 60.0 61.6 2.6 60.5 28.7
高度正相关 0.8~1 0.2 14.7 0.9 9.9 0.02
Tab.1  Area ratio of correlation coefficient between soil moisture and precipitation in different seasons
Fig.7  Correlation between 0~10 cm soil moisture and precipitation (P) and temperature (T) in different seasons of Mongolian Plateau from 1982 to 2018
相关性 分布范围
R		 SM1 SM2
春 夏 秋 冬 春 夏 秋 冬
高度负相关 -1~-0.8 0.3 0.1
显著负相关 -0.8~-0.5 0.1 30.0 0.2 1.8 29.1
低度负相关 -0.5~-0.3 2.3 32.3 21.5 13.0 29.6 1.0 0.8
负弱相关 -0.3~0 33.1 29.6 55.6 64.7 45.3 23.3 67.2 15.6
正弱相关 0~0.3 54.3 7.0 42.5 13.1 29.2 12.6 30.1 78.3
低度正相关 0.3~0.5 10.2 0.8 1.9 0.5 9.0 4.0 1.7 5.3
显著正相关 0.5~0.8 0.1 1.7 1.3
Tab.2  Area ratio of correlation coefficient between soil moisture and temperature in different seasons
Fig.8  The spatial distribution of the lag time of the response of different layers of soil moisture to precipitation and temperature
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