Application of high-resolution remote sensing technology to research into active faults in the Maoyaba area, western Sichuan Province

doi:10.6046/zrzyyg.2023074

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Abstract

High-resolution remote sensing technology can greatly enhance the efficiency of investigations into active faults due to its high ability to identify the fine structures of microlandforms. This study presents a systematic summary of the symbols of remote sensing images for active faults. By comprehensively utilizing data from the Landsat8 and GF-2 satellites, as well as previous results and field geological surveys, this study analyzed and examined the active faults in the Maoyaba area of western Sichuan Province through the interpretation of remote sensing images of both macro- and microlandforms. The results show that, besides the Yidun-Litang fault zone, several nearly-W-E-trending normal active faults occur in the study area. Based on this finding, as well as the analysis of the regional geological setting, it can be concluded that crustal materials along the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were continuously squeezed out laterally under the background of the intense collision and compression between the Indian and Eurasian plates, leading to the formation of two conjugate faults: the dextral Batang strike-slip fault and the sinistral Litang strike-slip fault. The joint control of both faults resulted in the local extension of the study area and the formation of nearly-W-E-trending fault structures, which govern the development and evolution of the Damaoyaba Basin, the Xiaomaoyaba Basin, and the Cuopu Basin in the north.

Keywords high-resolution remote sensing interpretation symbol Litang fault active fault Sichuan-Yunnan region

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Issue Date: 03 September 2024

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	Tao YIN
	Yuanbao SONG
	Wei ZHANG
	Huayun YUAN

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Tao YIN,Yuanbao SONG,Wei ZHANG, et al. Application of high-resolution remote sensing technology to research into active faults in the Maoyaba area, western Sichuan Province[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(3): 174-186.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023074 OR https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2024/V36/I3/174

Fig.1 Active tectonic map of the Sichuan-Yunnan Block

Fig.2-1 Geological background and active tectonic map of the study area

Fig.2-2 Geological background and active tectonic map of the study area

Fig.3 Distribution characteristics and remote sensing interpretive marker of main active faults in the study area

Fig.4 ETM Image of typical macro landform

Fig.5-1 GF-2 Image of typical micro landform

Fig.5-2 GF-2 Image of typical micro landform

断层编号	断层名称	走向	断层性质	倾向	长度/km	遥感解译标志	参考文献
F1	章德断裂	NW	正断层兼左旋	SW	>45	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、线性水体等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、冲沟错断等	[21]
F2	大毛垭坝北缘断裂	NW- NWW	正断层兼左旋	S- SW	>24	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、断层崖、线性水体、山体错断、断陷盆地等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、地震沟槽、反向陡坎、冲沟错断、陡坎错断、冲沟直角弯曲、断头沟、断尾沟等	[12,22]
F3	卓龙沃如马断裂	NW	正断层	SW	>8	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、山体错断等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、断头沟等	本文
F4	阿加洼弄断裂	NW	正断层	SW	>12	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、山体错断等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、断头沟等	本文
F5	木查断裂	NW	—	—	>18	宏观地貌标志: 山体错断、断层崖、线性沟谷等微地貌标志: 线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、断头沟、断尾沟等	本文
F6	小毛垭坝北缘断裂	EW	正断层	S	>30	宏观地貌标志: 断层崖、线性沟谷、线性水体、山体错断、断陷盆地等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、地震沟槽、冲沟错断、陡坎错断、断头沟、断尾沟等	[21]
F7	丫俄断裂	NW	—	—	>6	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎	本文
F8	小毛垭坝南缘断裂	EW	正断层	S	>15	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、线性水体等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、地震沟槽、反向陡坎、冲沟错断、断头沟、断尾沟等	本文
F9	牧业村断裂	NNW	—	—	>8	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、断头沟等	本文
F10	禾然色巴村断裂	NNE	—	—	>15	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、线性水体等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼等	本文
F11	无量河断裂	NWW	正断层兼左旋	SSW	>18	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、线性水体等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、地震沟槽、冲沟错断、陡坎错断等	[18]
F12	大毛垭坝南缘断裂	EW	正断层	N	>40	宏观地貌标志: 线性沟谷、断层崖、线性水体、断陷盆地等微地貌标志: 线性断层陡坎、线性水系边界、串珠状泉眼、地震沟槽、冲沟错断、陡坎错断、冲沟直角弯曲、断头沟、断尾沟等	[23]

Tab.1 Structural characteristics and remote sensing interpretive marker of main active faults in the study area

Fig.6 Luanshibao landslide in the north of Maoyaba Basin

Fig.7 Opposite orientated fault cliff in Micro landform

Fig.8 Hot springs near active faults

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