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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2025, Vol. 37 Issue (3) : 233-244     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2024022
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Identification of ecologic zones based on ecosystem service value and ecological risk index from a perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics: A case study of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province
ZHENG Jiaxin1,2(), PEI Xiaolong2,3(), SONG Dongyang2, TIAN Rui1, ZHAO Zhongqiu1,4, BAI Hang1
1. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Langfang Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Langfang 065000, China
3. Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China
4. Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China
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Abstract  

Under the influence of climate change and human activities, the increasing risk of ecological service degradation poses a significant challenge to regional ecological security. Exploring ecologic zones based on ecosystem service value (ESV) and landscape ecological risk index (ERI) enables an intuitive identification of the regional ecological function status, thereby providing a basis for regional ecosystem conservation. This study investigated Qinhuangdao City in Hebei Province, China, by integrating landscape ecology, equivalent factor, GIS grid, and spatial autocorrelation methods. Under the whole-process dynamic control framework, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of ESV and ERI from 2001 to 2021, revealing their evolutionary patterns. Moreover, based on the value-risk spatial aggregation patterns, this study determined the ecologic zones in Qinhuangdao City. The results indicate that over the past two decades, the ESV in Qinhuangdao City exhibited overall slight variations, with an increase of about 0.073 billion yuan, presenting a spatial pattern characterized by alternatively distributed large dispersion and small aggregation. The average ERI value showed a fluctuating downward trend, gradually shifting toward lower risk, with higher ERI values in the north compared to the south. The evolutionary types of ESV and ERI in Qinhuangdao City can be classified into maintenance, upgrading, mitigation, and fluctuation types, with the maintenance type representing the largest proportion. A positive correlation was observed between ESV and ERI per unit area in Qinhuangdao City, dominated by zones with high ESV and ERI in the northern part of Qinhuangdao City.
Keywords ecosystem service value (ESV)      landscape ecological risk      land use change      spatiotemporal dynamics      ecologic zone     
ZTFLH:  X 171.1  
  X 820.4  
  TP 79  
Issue Date: 01 July 2025
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Jiaxin ZHENG
Xiaolong PEI
Dongyang SONG
Rui TIAN
Zhongqiu ZHAO
Hang BAI
Cite this article:   
Jiaxin ZHENG,Xiaolong PEI,Dongyang SONG, et al. Identification of ecologic zones based on ecosystem service value and ecological risk index from a perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics: A case study of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025, 37(3): 233-244.
URL:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2024022     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2025/V37/I3/233
Fig.1  The geographical location of the study area
编号 价值一级 编号 价值二级 编号 风险一级 编号 风险二级 等级组合划分
Ⅰ 价值维持型 1 低价值稳定可控型 Ⅰ 风险维持型 1 低风险稳定可控型 低-低-低
2 中价值基本可控型 2 中风险基本可控型 中-中-中
3 高价值严重失控型 3 高风险严重失控型 高-高-高
Ⅱ 价值升级型 4 低价值潜在升级型 Ⅱ 风险升级型 4 低风险潜在升级型 低-低-中 低-低-高
5 中价值潜在升级型 5 中风险潜在升级型 低-中-高 中-中 高
6 中价值基本可控型 6 中风险基本可控型 低-中-中
7 高价值基本失控型 7 高风险基本失控型 低-高-高 中-高-高
Ⅲ 价值缓和型 8 高价值潜在缓和型 Ⅲ 风险缓和型 8 高风险潜在缓和型 高-高-低 高-高-中
9 中价值潜在缓和型 9 中风险潜在缓和型 高-中-低 中-中-低
10 中价值缓和维持型 10 中风险缓和维持型 高-中-中
11 低价值缓和维持型 11 低风险缓和维持型 中-低-低 高-低-低
Ⅳ 价值波动型 12 低价值潜在升级型 Ⅳ 风险波动型 12 低风险潜在升级型 中-低-中 中-低-高
高-低-中 高-低-高
13 中价值潜在升级型 13 中风险潜在升级型 高-中-高
14 中价值潜在缓和型 14 中风险潜在缓和型 低-中-低
15 高价值潜在缓和型 15 高风险潜在缓和型 低-高-低 中-高-低
低-高-中 中-高-中
Tab.1  Classification of value and risk changes from the perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics
Fig.2  Changes of land use types in Qinhuangdao City from 2001 to 2021
Fig.3  Land use transfer matrix every five years in Qinhuangdao City from 2001 to 2021
土地利
用类型		 2001年 2006年 2011年 2016年 2021年
ESV/106元 占比/% ESV/106元 占比/% ESV/106元 占比/% ESV/106元 占比/% ESV/106元 占比/%
耕地 380.55 15.81 373.10 15.43 348.94 13.83 344.93 13.62 347.86 14.03
林地 1 755.97 72.94 1 741.17 71.99 1 839.88 72.94 1 853.23 73.15 1 818.52 73.34
草地 83.42 3.47 82.31 3.40 74.28 2.94 62.06 2.45 59.19 2.39
未利用地 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00
水域 187.41 7.78 221.88 9.17 259.21 10.28 273.07 10.78 253.95 10.24
总计 2 407.40 100.00 2 418.49 100.00 2 522.33 100.00 2 533.31 100.00 2 479.54 100.00
Tab.2  Changes and proportions of ESV of each land use type in Qinhuangdao City from 2001 to 2021
一级 二级 2001年 2006年 2011年 2016年 2021年
ESV/108元 占比/% ESV/108元 占比/% ESV/108元 占比/% ESV/108元 占比/% ESV/108元 占比/%
供给服务 食物生产 1.07 4.45 1.05 4.34 1.02 4.04 1.01 3.99 1.01 4.07
原料生产 0.95 3.95 0.93 3.85 0.94 3.73 0.94 3.71 0.93 3.75
水资源供给 0.44 1.83 0.46 1.90 0.50 1.98 0.50 1.97 0.49 1.98
调节服务 气体调节 2.52 10.47 2.49 10.30 2.55 10.11 2.54 10.03 2.51 10.12
气候调节 5.94 24.68 5.89 24.36 6.16 24.43 6.17 24.36 6.05 24.40
净化环境 1.76 7.31 1.76 7.28 1.85 7.34 1.86 7.34 1.82 7.34
水文调节 4.61 19.15 4.86 20.10 5.29 20.98 5.39 21.28 5.18 20.89
支持服务 土壤保持 3.27 13.59 3.23 13.36 3.29 13.05 3.28 12.95 3.24 13.06
维持养分
循环		 0.29 1.20 0.29 1.20 0.29 1.15 0.29 1.14 0.28 1.13
生物多样性 2.23 9.26 2.22 9.18 2.32 9.20 2.32 9.16 2.28 9.19
文化服务 美学景观 0.99 4.11 0.99 4.09 1.04 4.12 1.04 4.11 1.02 4.11
总计 24.07 100.00 24.18 100.00 25.22 100.00 25.33 100.00 24.80 100.00
Tab.3  Value and proportion of individual ESV in Qinhuangdao City from 2001 to 2021
Fig.4  Spatial distribution of ESV in Qinhuangdao City from 2001 to 2021
Fig.5  Spatial distribution of ESV zones from the perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics
生态风
险等级		 2001年 2006年 2011年 2016年 2021年
个数 占比/% 个数 占比/% 个数 占比/% 个数 占比/% 个数 占比/%
低风险 274 13.06 289 13.78 319 15.20 325 15.49 336 16.02
较低风险 570 27.17 578 27.55 591 28.17 590 28.12 610 29.08
中风险 323 15.40 326 15.54 356 16.97 401 19.11 417 19.88
较高风险 366 17.45 366 17.45 388 18.49 382 18.21 395 18.83
高风险 565 26.93 539 25.69 444 21.16 400 19.07 340 16.21
总计 2 098 100.00 2 098 100.00 2 098 100.00 2 098 100.00 2 098 100.00
Tab.4  Number and proportion of ecological risk levels in Qinhuangdao City
Fig.6  Spatial distribution of landscape ecological risks in Qinhuangdao City from 2001 to 2021
Fig.7  Spatial distribution of landscape ecological risk zones from the perspective of spatiotemporal dynamics
Fig.8  Correlation index distribution of ESV and landscape ERI from 2001 to 2021
Fig.9  Bivariate LISA aggregation plot of ESV and ERI from 2001 to 2021
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