EO-1 Hyperion data is used to estimate nitrogen concentration of Guanxi pomelo in this study. Based on analyzing the data characteristics, the Hyperion preprocessing includes such means as atmospheric correction and geometric correction. Using the linear stepwise regression method, this paper established the correlation between the reflectance spectra / derivative spectra and the concentration of nitrogen on the basis of the sampling data in the field. The results show that reflectance spectra derivative of logarithm is fairly good in estimating nitrogen concentration. The absorption features around 1 003 nm, 1 245 nm, 1 336 nm and 2 264 nm are selected. The values of nitrogen concentration through estimation are quite consistent with those of field measurements. The authors have thus concluded that it is feasible and time-saving to estimate nitrogen concentration of pomelo by using hyperspectral remote sensing images.