Remote sensing-based monitoring and evaluation of anthropogenic influences on national marine nature reserves in Hainan Province from 2016 to 2020
YIN Yaqiu1,2,3,4,5,6(), WANG Jing2,3,4,5, YANG Jinzhong6, ZHU Xiaohua2,3,4,5, WANG Liwei2,3,4,5, Xing Yu6, LI Tianqi6, YU Yang7,8()
1. Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China 2. Land Science and Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China 3. Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China 4. Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China 5. Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China 6. China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China 7. China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China 8. Key Laboratory of Mine Ecological Effects and Systematic Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China
Nature Reserves are effective means to protect biodiversity and improve the ecological environment. However, frequent human activities have threatened the ecosystem quality and stability of them. In order to study the use of remote sensing means to monitor and evaluate of human activities influence in the protected area, Dongzhaigang, Tongguling, Sanya Coral Reef and Dazhou Island National Marine Nature Reserves in Hainan Provinces were taken as research areas, and the high spatial resolution remote sensing images from 2016 to 2020 were adopted, to obtain the transformation information of artificial and natural factors through image reprocessing, classification system and interpretation signs establishment, human-computer interpretation and other steps. By collecting the topographic and meteorological data, considering the characteristics of human activity and ecological sensitivity of the local area, 11 evaluation factors including topographic, meteorological and land use types were selected to establish the evaluation index system. Analytic Hierarchy Process method was used to evaluate and grade the degree of human activity influence, and the distribution results of severely affected areas, moderately affected areas, mildly affected areas and non-affected areas were obtained. The results were analyzed and the conclusions can be drawn. The results show that from 2016 to 2020, in Dongzhaigang Nature Reserve, human disturbance is strong, but has a tendency to reduce. Severely and moderately affected areas are distributed in Beigang Island, north of the reserve and mildly affected areas are distributed in the edge of the protected area. Destructions in these areas are mainly caused by construction activities of the village. As to Tongguling Nature Reserve, even though it also has human disturbance, but the overall protection is good. Severely and moderately affected areas are mainly located in the rock park in the north and the Tongguling scenic spot in the east. It is mainly caused by the construction of tourism and transportation facilities. Mildly affected areas are located along the coast of Qishui Bay in the west, mainly caused by real estate development. Human activity disturbance in Sanya Coral Reef Nature Reserve is serious, but has a tendency to decrease. Severely affected areas are mainly located in Luhuitou Peninsula and Yulinjiao area, where vigorous development of tourism real estate destroy forests. Moderately affected areas are located in Ximao Island, mainly caused by the construction of residential areas in the north. No land cover changes caused by human activities are found in the Dazhou Island Nature Reserve. The results can provide a scientific basis for the management and protection of national Marine nature reserves in Hainan Province.
殷亚秋, 王敬, 杨金中, 朱晓华, 王立威, 邢宇, 李天祺, 余洋. 海南省国家级海洋自然保护区2016—2020年人类活动影响遥感监测与评价[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2023, 35(4): 149-158.
YIN Yaqiu, WANG Jing, YANG Jinzhong, ZHU Xiaohua, WANG Liwei, Xing Yu, LI Tianqi, YU Yang. Remote sensing-based monitoring and evaluation of anthropogenic influences on national marine nature reserves in Hainan Province from 2016 to 2020. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2023, 35(4): 149-158.
Yu B W, Rao E M, Chao X L, et al. Evaluating the effectiveness of nature reserves in soil conservation on Hainan Island[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016. 36(12):3694-3702.
Wu Z J, Li C P, Chen M, et al. Investigation of marine resources in Dazhou Island National Nature Reserve and discussion on its management and protection mechanism[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2012, 29(7):97-100.
Han S M, He P, Huang B, et al. Comparative study on the diversity of Macrobenthos in typical mangrove regions of Dongzhai Harbor,Hainan Island[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2010, 25(1):123-126,161.
Yin Y Q, Jiang C H, Ju X, et al. Remote sensing evaluation of mine geological environment of Hainan Island in 2018 and ecological restoration countermeasures[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2022, 34(2):194-202.doi:10.6046/zyzyyg.2021136.
Zhan M S, Liu Q F, Wang J W, et al. Monitoring human activities in Jiaozi Mountain Nature Reserve based on remote sensing during 1992—2018[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(9):1097-1105.
Kong M, Meng X L, Gao J, et al. Remote sensing monitoring and assessment for human activities of Shandong provincial nature reserves[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning, 2020, 12(1):16-19.
He B H, Zhang X M, Xue X P, et al. Study on the present situation and management countermeasures of Dongzhaigang national nature reserve[J]. Anhui Forestry Science and Technology, 2020, 46(3):3-8.
Zhao Y L, Yang J Z, Yin Y Q, et al. Research on remote sensing monitoring of zirconium-titanium sand mine exploitation and strategies of ecological restoration on the eastern beach of Hainan Island[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2019, 31(4):143-150.doi:10.6046/zyzyyg.2019.04.19.
Wang J, Yin Y Q, Yu H, et al. Remote sensing monitoring of mine geological environment in Zhejiang Province based on RS and GIS[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2020, 32(1):232-236.doi:10.6046/zyzyyg.2020.01.31.
[12]
杨金中, 邢宇, 赵玉灵, 等. 资源环境遥感监测图集[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2022.
Yang J Z, Xing Y, Zhao Y L, et al. Remote sensing monitoring atlas of resources and environment[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2022.
Wu R, Wang D R. Study on the present situation and management strategy of Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve[J]. Ocean Development and Management, 2013, 25(8):73-75.
Sang X, Guo Q Z, Qiao Y, et al. Research on livability in Changzhi City of Shanxi Province based on multi-source data[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2020, 32(3):200-207.doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.03.26.
Zhao L X, Dai J J, Zhao Y Y, et al. A study of mine site selection of the Duolong ore concentration area in Tibet based on RS and GIS technology[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2021, 33(2):182-191.doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020200.
Yao K, Zhang C J, He L, et al. Dynamic evaluation and prediction of ecological environment vulnerability in the middle-upper reaches of the Yalong River[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 2020, 32(4):199-208.doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.04.25.
Song X L, Li X W, Bai J H, et al. The ecological sensitivity evaluation in Yellow River Delta National Natural Reserve[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(9):4836-4846.
Cui N, Yu E Y, Li S, et al. Protection measures of plateau lake based on ecosystem sensitivity and importance of ecosystem function:The case of Lake Dalinor Basin[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021, 41(3):949-958.
Lan J B, Xu Y, Huo L A, et al. Research on the priorities of fuzzy analytical hierarchy process[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice, 2006, 26(9):107-112.