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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2022, Vol. 34 Issue (4) : 203-215     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2021254
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Reconstruction of surface temperature data and analysis of spatial and temporal changes in North America
MAO Kebiao1,2(), YAN Yibo1, CAO Mengmeng1, YUAN Zijin2, QIN Zhihao1
1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2. School of Physics and Electronic-Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Abstract  

Surface temperature is an important indicator that reflects the regional natural environment and climate changes. High-quality data are very valuable for the study of the temporal and spatial changes in regional surface temperature. In recent years, North America has witnessed relatively abnormal climate changes, thus the surface temperature in this region has great study significance. Based on the MODIS surface temperature data, this study reconstructed the remotely sensed surface temperature data set of North America from 2002 to 2018 and analyzed the spatial and temporal changes in surface temperature over the past 17 years. The reconstructed surface temperature data cover all land surfaces of North America and guarantee precision of about 1 ℃. The analysis results are as follows. North America had a fluctuating temperature increase at an average rate of 0.02 ℃/a in the past 17 years. A historical peak in surface temperature increase occurred in 2016, followed by a sharp drop in the following two years, which was closely related to El Nino. In North America, the temperature increase was greater in spring and autumn than in winter and summer. In recent years, northern Alaska and the Baja California peninsula have experienced significant warming. Vegetation and atmospheric water vapor significantly affect the change in surface temperature. Vegetation and atmospheric water vapor are positively correlated with surface temperature in the north of 40°N, while they are negatively correlated in the south of 40°N. The general changing trend of surface temperature in the next 1~2 years can be predicted to a certain degree of reliability according to the periodic fluctuation trend of the average surface temperature in North America and the influence of El Nino.
Keywords data reconstruction      surface temperature      MODIS      temporal and spatial changes     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 27 December 2022
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Kebiao MAO
Yibo YAN
Mengmeng CAO
Zijin YUAN
Zhihao QIN
Cite this article:   
Kebiao MAO,Yibo YAN,Mengmeng CAO, et al. Reconstruction of surface temperature data and analysis of spatial and temporal changes in North America[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2022, 34(4): 203-215.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2021254     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2022/V34/I4/203
Fig.1  Study Area
类型 数据名称 时间分
辨率		 空间分
辨率/(°)
NDVI MOD11C2 月尺度 0.05
SM 被动微波土壤水分 月尺度 0.05
AOD MOD08_M3 月尺度 1
云量 MOD08_M3 月尺度 1
大气水汽含量 MOD08_M3 月尺度 1
Tab.1  Introduction of other remote sensing data
Fig.2  Flow chart of data restoration technology
Fig.3  Validation of reconstructed data
Fig.4  Average surface temperature of North America from 2002 to 2018
Fig.5  Average surface temperature of North America in the four seasons from 2002 to 2018
指标 春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
平均值 1.03 15.72 2.63 -11.62
最大值 37.34 45.55 32.68 31.43
最小值 -36.49 -17.71 -38.82 -49.33
最大温度差 73.83 63.16 70.99 80.76
标准差 16.47 11.15 15.01 17.75
Tab.2  Some statistical indicators of the average surface temperature in the four seasons in North America (℃)
Fig.6  Variation trends of surface temperature in different time dimensions
Fig.7  Correlation coefficients between day and night surface temperature and time changes in North America
Fig.8  Interannual change rate of day and night surface temperature in North America
Fig.9  Pearson’s coefficient of the average land temperature in different seasons in North America
Fig.10  Inter annual change rate of average land temperature in different seasons in North America
Fig.11  Interannual change rate of the annual mean surface temperature in North America and its significance over time
Fig.12  Correlation coefficients between surface temperature and other parameters
指标 NDVI SM AOD 云量 大气水汽含量
平均值 0.43 0.23 0.15 0.30 0.48
最大值 0.98 0.89 0.63 0.89 0.87
Tab.3  Statistics of correlation coefficients of absolute values of 5 types other parameters
Fig.13  Anomaly between the annual average surface temperature of North America and the average surface temperature of each month in 2019
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