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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2022, Vol. 34 Issue (4) : 235-242     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2021406
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Remote sensing monitoring and impact intensity assessment of human activities in Henan national nature reserves
WANG Juan(), WANG Zhihong, ZHANG Jianguo, CHU Na, LI Si, YIN Zhan
China Non-Ferrous Metals Resource Geological Survey, Beijing 100012, China
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Abstract  

This study aims to determine the impacts of human activities on the ecosystems of Henan national nature reserves in an objective, timely, and accurate manner, so that problems existent in management and protection can be identified and evaluated in time. Based on Chinese high-resolution remote sensing images from 2016 to 2018, this study extracted data on land cover types of national nature reserves in 2016 and human activities in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Then, the source, change type, distribution pattern, and temporal-spatial transformation of new human activities in the reserves were ascertained using the transition matrix. Furthermore, the changing characteristics of human activities in different types of reserves were analyzed. Finally, the impact degree and change patterns of human activities on the reserves were evaluated using the impact intensity index of human activities. The results are as follows. Human activities dominated by agricultural land and residential areas were widespread in Henan national nature reserves in 2016. They were mainly distributed in inland wetlands and paleontological relic reserves. From 2016 to 2018, new human activities were mainly distributed in inland wetland reserves, which were mainly transformed from agricultural land, forest land, grassland, and wetland. From 2016 to 2018, the human activities in the reserves had an impact intensity index range of 0.045~4.735. The impact degrees of human activities on reserves of forest ecological type, inland wetland type, wildlife type, and Paleozoic relic type were slight, significant, general, and severe, respectively. Therefore, the spatial distribution, types, intensity, and dynamic changes of human activities in the reserves can be accurately identified using the remote sensing technology and the impact intensity assessment model. This study can be used as an important guide for scientific assessment and improvement of the management of the reserves.
Keywords human activities      remote sensing monitoring      impact intensity assessment      national nature reserve      Henan Province     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 27 December 2022
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Juan WANG
Zhihong WANG
Jianguo ZHANG
Na CHU
Si LI
Zhan YIN
Cite this article:   
Juan WANG,Zhihong WANG,Jianguo ZHANG, et al. Remote sensing monitoring and impact intensity assessment of human activities in Henan national nature reserves[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2022, 34(4): 235-242.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2021406     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2022/V34/I4/235
年份 数据类型 分辨率/m 占比/% 拍摄时间
2016—2018年 P1 0.5 0.50 6—10月
BJ2,GF-2,YG24,
WV2		 1 14.50
ZY-3,ZY-102C,
GF-1,SPOT6,SPOT7		 2 85.00
Tab.1  Remote sensing data information of national nature reserves from 2016 to 2018
人类活动类型 权重 人类活动类型 权重
农业用地 6 采矿用地 40
园地 4 交通运输用地 10
养殖场 10 其他建设用地 15
城镇村庄用地 15
Tab.2  Influence weights of human activities in national nature reserves
影响强度 人类活动情况
严重Ⅴ 人类活动类型和数量很多,采矿活动和开发建设活动明显,影响程度很大
明显Ⅳ 人类活动类型和数量较多,建设用地明显,影响程度大
较明显Ⅲ 以农田、居民用地和养殖场为主要人类活动,建设用地少
一般Ⅱ 以农田为主,基本无人类建设用地
轻微Ⅰ 人类活动非常少,以自然用地为主
Tab.3  Impact intensity grading of human activities in national nature reserves
土地覆盖类型 保护区类型
森林生态 内陆湿地 野生动物 古生物遗迹 合计
面积/km2 比例/% 面积/km2 比例/% 面积/km2 比例/% 面积/km2 比例/% 面积/km2 比例/%
自然
用地		 林地 1 143.23 92.46 279.82 19.38 902.40 84.31 125.69 15.17 2 451.14 53.53
草地 25.53 2.06 126.09 8.73 2.92 0.27 98.89 11.94 253.43 5.53
湿地 28.99 2.34 384.66 26.65 13.91 1.30 8.31 1.00 435.87 9.52
未利用地 1.64 0.13 8.03 0.56 0.20 0.02 — — 9.87 0.22
小计 1 199.39 97.00 798.60 55.32 919.43 85.90 232.89 28.12 3 150.31 68.80
人类
活动
用地		 农业用地 28.71 2.32 559.02 38.72 130.07 12.15 560.89 67.72 1 278.69 27.93
园地 3.47 0.28 43.43 3.01 7.35 0.69 0.08 0.01 54.33 1.19
养殖场 — — 6.27 0.43 — — — — 6.27 0.14
城镇村庄用地 0.69 0.06 16.68 1.16 7.68 0.72 32.75 3.95 57.80 1.26
交通运输用地 — — 2.70 0.19 2.07 0.19 0.98 0.12 5.75 0.13
采矿用地 4.22 0.34 11.21 0.78 3.71 0.35 0.67 0.08 19.81 0.43
其他建设用地 — — 5.67 0.39 0.01 — 0.04 — 5.72 0.12
小计 37.09 3.00 644.98 44.68 150.89 14.10 595.41 71.88 1 428.37 31.20
合计 1 236.48 100.00 1 443.58 100.00 1 070.32 100.00 828.30 100.00 4 578.68 100.00
Tab.4  Land use of national nature reserves in 2016
Fig.1  Area and number of different human activities in national nature reserves in 2016
时期 保护区
类型		 土地覆被类型面积(数量)/km2(处)
农业用地 采矿用地 居民用地 交通运
输用地		 其他建
设用地		 人工草地 人工林地 人工湿地 合计
2016—
2017年		 森林生态 — 0.393(39) — 0.013(7) 0.043(15) — 0.004(2) 0.148(69) 0.601(132)
内陆湿地 1.809(7) 0.318(18) 0.025(1) 0.558(20) 1.738(56) 1.002(4) 0.135(2) 25.739(133) 31.324(241)
野生动物 — 0.223(13) — 0.073(16) 0.044(27) 0.011(2) 0.023(1) 0.237(15) 0.611(74)
古生遗迹 — 0.379(13) 0.144(7) 0.521(4) 0.064(9) — — 0.184(2) 1.292(35)
合计 1.809(7) 1.313(83) 0.169(8) 1.165(47) 1.889(107) 1.013(6) 0.162(5) 26.308(219) 33.828(482)
比例/% 5.35(1.45) 3.88(17.22) 0.50(1.65) 3.44(9.75) 5.58(22.20) 2.99(1.24) 0.48(1.04) 77.77(45.44) —
2017—
2018年		 森林生态 — 0.109(12) — 0.080(16) 0.242(10) — — — 0.431(38)
内陆湿地 — 0.043(6) — — 0.115(5) 2.910(22) 0.048(1) 0.340(1) 3.456(35)
野生动物 — — — 0.008(6) 0.001(1) — — — 0.009(7)
合计 — 0.152(18) — 0.088(22) 0.358(16) 2.910(22) 0.048(1) 0.340(1) 3.896(80)
比例/% — 3.90(22.50) — 2.26(27.50) 9.19(20.00) 74.69(27.50) 1.23(1.25) 8.73(1.25) —
Tab.5  Area and number of new human activities in national nature reserves from 2016 to 2018
2016年 2017年
采矿用地 城镇村
庄用地		 交通运
输用地		 其他建
设用地		 农业用地 人工草地 人工林地 人工湿地 合计
林地 0.691 0.030 0.388 0.148 0.018 — — 0.164 1.439
草地 0.056 — 0.318 0.080 0.016 — — 0.612 1.082
湿地 — — — 0.779 1.728 0.718 — — 3.225
农业用地 0.566 0.140 0.459 0.883 — — 0.023 25.526 27.597
采矿用地 — — — — 0.047 0.295 0.138 0.006 0.486
合计 1.313 0.170 1.165 1.890 1.809 1.013 0.161 26.308 33.829
Tab.6  Transition matrix of land use in the national nature reserves from 2016 to 2017(km2)
2017年 2018年
采矿
用地		 交通运
输用地		 其他建
设用地		 人工
草地		 人工
林地		 人工
湿地		 合计
林地 0.148 0.088 0.248 — — — 0.484
草地 — — 0.002 — — — 0.002
湿地 — — — 1.846 — — 1.846
农业
用地		 0.004 — 0.109 — — 0.340 0.453
采矿
用地		 — — — 1.063 0.048 — 1.111
合计 0.152 0.088 0.359 2.909 0.048 0.340 3.896
Tab.7  Transition matrix of land use in the national nature reserves from 2017 to 2018(km2)
类型 保护区 2016年 2017年 2018年 2017—2016年差值 2018—2017年差值
森林生态 宝天曼 0.045 0 0.051 0 0.104 8 0.006 0 0.053 8
伏牛山 0.078 7 0.080 1 0.080 1 0.001 4 —
高乐山 0.550 2 0.567 4 0.575 5 0.017 2 0.008 1
河南大别山 0.451 3 0.454 6 0.454 6 0.003 3 —
鸡公山 0.677 0 0.677 0 0.677 0 — —
连康山 0.260 5 0.261 1 0.295 6 0.000 6 0.034 5
小秦岭 0.931 8 1.009 4 1.009 4 0.077 6 —
平均 0.295 4 0.309 0 0.316 1 0.013 6 0.007 1
内陆湿地 丹江湿地 2.046 3 1.846 5 1.846 5 -0.199 8 —
河南黄河湿地 3.540 0 3.574 9 3.499 3 0.034 9 -0.075 6
新乡黄河湿地鸟类 4.735 0 4.730 5 4.730 5 -0.004 5 —
平均 3.048 8 2.969 4 2.940 9 -0.079 4 -0.028 5
野生动物 董寨鸟类 1.729 0 1.732 0 1.732 0 0.003 0 —
太行山猕猴 0.445 5 0.459 3 0.460 8 0.013 8 0.001 5
平均 1.022 4 1.031 3 1.032 1 0.008 9 0.000 8
古生物遗迹 南阳恐龙蛋化石群 4.701 3 4.728 4 4.728 4 0.027 1 —
全省平均 2.130 6 2.116 1 2.109 3 -0.014 5 -0.006 8
Tab.8  Evaluation of human interference degree in national nature reserve during 2016—2018
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