Evolution trend and driving force analysis of the Chaerhan Salt Lake

doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.01.18

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Abstract

The Chaerhan Salt Lake contains abundant inorganic salts such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, and it is also one of the mining bases in China. In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial mining activities in the Chaerhan Salt Lake and its surrounding salty field, the water quality of the salt lake has been polluted, and the lake water area has also rapidly decreased. By calculating the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) for the study area in 2002—2018, the authors obtained vegetation changes in the study area. Using remote sensing monitoring methods and combined with various factors such as rainfall and industrial development, the authors studied evolutionary trends and driving factors of the Chaerhan Salt Lake. Some conclusions have been reached: ① The development of salty field mine is the main factor causing the degradation of the Chaerhan Salt Lake. With the increase of the mining area of salt fields, the area of natural salt lakes has been greatly reduced, the amount of water has been reduced, and the salinization of water bodies has become serious. ② The area of the Chaerhan Salt Lake is affected by precipitation. In the years of abundant rainfall, the area of the salt lake has been larger, and smaller changes occur in the area of salt lakes in less rainy years. ③ Mining of salt fields will affect the growth of vegetation. According to the field investigation, salt field mining leads to serious salinization of salt lake water, and vegetation can hardly grow in the high salinity area, so there is less vegetation around the salt lake.

Keywords Chaerhan Salt Lake NDVI rainfall mining

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Issue Date: 14 March 2020

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	Xianhua YANG
	Xiao XU
	Lixiao XIAO
	Li TIAN
	Lina HAO
	Peng XU

Cite this article:

Xianhua YANG,Xiao XU,Lixiao XIAO, et al. Evolution trend and driving force analysis of the Chaerhan Salt Lake[J]. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2020, 32(1): 130-137.

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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/gtzyyg.2020.01.18 OR https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2020/V32/I1/130

Fig.1 Remote sensing survey of damaged land in mine development in the research area in 2018

Fig.2 Extraction results of NDVI from 2002 to 2018

Tab.1 Classification of natural environmental elements

Fig.3 Monitoring of mining activities and natural environmental elements in the research area from 2002 to 2018

Tab.2 Mining activities and natural environment elements area in the research area from 2002 to 2018(km²)

Tab.3 Remote sensing interpretation marks for the types of land spot in mine exploitation

Tab.4 Mining activity information extraction results from 2002 to 2018

Fig.4 Water area change in the study area from 2002 to 2018

Fig.5 Monitoring of salt lake change around potassium salt mines in the study area

Fig.6 Rainfall trend of Delingha City from 2002 to 2018

Fig.7 Remote sensing contrast of water surface change in Sugan Lake from 2006 to 2018

Fig.8 Remote sensing contrast of water surface change in Xiaochaidamu Lake from 2006 to 2018

Fig.9 Vegetation area change in the study area from 2002 to 2018

Fig.10 Area change of different land coverage types in the study area from 2002 to 2018

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