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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2025, Vol. 37 Issue (5) : 32-43     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2025043
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GIS-based analysis of dynamic changes and driving forces for natural lakes in Anhui Province
HE Weirong1,2(), HUO Runbin1,2, LI Donghui1, ZHANG Fengshan1, WANG Xinfeng1,2()
1. Langfang Integrated Natural Resources Survey Center，China Geological Survey，Langfang 065000，China
2. Technical Innovation Base for Natural Resources Monitoring in the Lower Reaches of Yongding River Area，ChinaGeological Society，Langfang 065000，China
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Abstract  

Natural lakes，as a precious natural resource in Anhui Province，are defined as large water bodies formed by natural water accumulation in surface depressions. Different from artificial water bodies such as reservoirs and ponds，they are formed and evolved under the control of geological，climatic，and hydrological conditions. Moreover，characterized by relatively stable forms and ecosystems，they play important roles in regional ecological balance，economic development，and socio-cultural activities. Therefore，investigating their spatiotemporal changes and driving forces is highly significant for the protection of natural lakes in Anhui Province. This study collected data from the Thematic Mapper （TM） onboard the Landsat-5 satellite and the Operational Land Imager onboard the Landsat-8 satellite. Then，the natural lakes in Anhui Province were extracted from these data using a human-computer interaction method. This study investigated spatiotemporal changes of the lakes using the dynamic degree and land use transfer matrix. The driving factors of the changes were examined from two aspects：natural factors and social factors. From 2002 to 2022，the natural lakes in Anhui Province showed a phased change in both area and number，characterized by an initial decrease followed by an increase. In terms of lake area，the total area of the lakes decreased by 366.5 km2. Specifically，from 2002 to 2012，the lake area decreased rapidly，reaching its lowest value of 2850.12 km2 in 2012. From 2012 to 2022，the area gradually recovered，rebounding to 2960.97 km2 in 2022. In terms of the lake number，there was a cumulative reduction of four lakes over the period. Specifically，the period from 2002 to 2007 saw a rapid decline，with an average annual decrease of 1.4 lakes. From 2007 to 2022，the number gradually rebounded，with an average annual increase of 0.2 lakes，reaching a total of 105 lakes in 2022. The changes in land use around typical lakes predominantly involved the conversion to arable land and other water bodies. In Anhui Province，the natural lake areas were influenced by both natural and social factors. The decreased runoff of the Huaihe River resulted in a decrease in inflow into the lakes，which serves as a key natural factor contributing to the reduction of the natural lake area in Anhui Province. Human activities and land use changes around the lakes are identified as important social factors for the reduction of the lake area.
Keywords Anhui Province      natural lake      remote sensing      dynamic change      driving force analysis     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 28 October 2025
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Weirong HE
Runbin HUO
Donghui LI
Fengshan ZHANG
Xinfeng WANG
Cite this article:   
Weirong HE,Runbin HUO,Donghui LI, et al. GIS-based analysis of dynamic changes and driving forces for natural lakes in Anhui Province[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025, 37(5): 32-43.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2025043     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2025/V37/I5/32
Fig.1  Distribution of major lades in Anhui Province
Fig.2  Changes in the area and number of lakes in Anhui Province
Fig.3  Changes in the area and number of lakes of different grades in Anhui Province
Fig.4  Changes in the area of typical lakes in Anhui Province
Fig.5  Changes in temperature，precipitation and runoff in the Yangtze River Basin from 2002 to 2022
Fig.6  Changes in temperature，precipitation and runoff in the Huaihe River Basin from 2002 to 2022
Fig.7  Changes in the area of Wabu Lake before and after heavy rainfall
Fig.8  Changes in the area of Shengjin Lake before and after drought
湖泊
名称		 变化情况 2002—
2022年		 2002—
2007年		 2007—
2012年		 2012—
2017年		 2017—
2022年
瓦
埠
湖		 耕地→湖泊 0.85 6.47 0.05 1.60 2.16
湖泊→耕地 25.67 0.77 30.76 0.33 1.01
其他水体→湖泊 0.31 0.86 0.04 4.47 2.34
湖泊→其他水体 7.74 0.00 16.06 0.41 0.79
建设用地→湖泊 0.14 0.51 0.02 0.31 0.43
湖泊→建设用地 2.10 0.01 3.17 0.04 0.12
升
金
湖		 耕地→湖泊 1.71 0.42 0.89 7.21 6.98
湖泊→耕地 5.55 18.13 0.06 0.14 0.29
林地→湖泊 0.11 0.10 0.06 2.47 0.23
湖泊→林地 0.12 0.42 0.01 0.03 0.04
其他水体→湖泊 0.32 0.07 16.96 5.91 3.70
湖泊→其他水体 2.37 30.90 0.11 0.46 0.35
建设用地→湖泊 0.08 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.11
湖泊→建设用地 0.16 0.32 - 0.02 0.04
Tab.1  Changes of land use types of typical lakes in 2002 to 2022 （km2）
Fig.9  Land use change map of Wabu Lake
Fig.10  Diagram of land use change in Wabu Lake
Fig.11  Land use change map of Shengjin Lake
Fig.12  Diagram of land use change in Shengjin Lake
因子 相关系数
降雨量 0.321
气温 0.528
长江径流量 0.291
淮河径流量 0.922*①
人口 -0.494
GDP -0.566
耕地面积 -0.458
Tab.2  Correlation coefficient between lake area and driving factors in Anhui Province
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