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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2025, Vol. 37 Issue (4) : 184-193     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2024156
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Spatiotemporal changes in land use and their driving factors in the Golmud River basin from 1980 to 2020
MA Maonan1,2(), CHANG Liang1, YU Guoqiang1(), ZHOU Jianwei3, HAN Haihui1, ZHANG Qunhui1, CHEN Xiaoyan1, DU Chao4
1. Xi’an Center, China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, China
2. Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
4. Geological Survey Academy of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010020, China
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Abstract  

Land use serves as the primary cause of global environmental changes. Therefore, investigating its spatiotemporal changes and corresponding driving factors is significant for promoting the sustainable development of regional socioeconomics and ecosystems. Based on nine stages of remote sensing monitoring data on land use/land cover from 1980 to 2020, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in land use types in the Golmud River basin. By combining the analysis of significant correlations, this study explored the major factors driving changes in land use within the basin. The results indicate that over the past 40 years, unused land and grassland proved to be dominant land use types in the Golmud River basin. The areas of cultivated lands, water bodies, and construction lands exhibited an increasing trend, while those of forest lands, grasslands, and unused lands trended downward. The period from 2015 to 2020 witnessed significant changes in both the areas and the dynamic degrees of various land use types within the basin. During this period, spatial changes in land use transition predominately occurred in the central and northern parts of the basin. Between 1980 and 2020, the unused land showed significant fragmentation. Human activities, particularly total population and regional gross domestic product, were identified as the main factors driving changes in the land use type within the basin.
Keywords land use      spatiotemporal change      driving factor      correlation analysis      Golmud River basin     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 03 September 2025
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Articles by authors
Maonan MA
Liang CHANG
Guoqiang YU
Jianwei ZHOU
Haihui HAN
Qunhui ZHANG
Xiaoyan CHEN
Chao DU
Cite this article:   
Maonan MA,Liang CHANG,Guoqiang YU, et al. Spatiotemporal changes in land use and their driving factors in the Golmud River basin from 1980 to 2020[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025, 37(4): 184-193.
URL:  
https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2024156     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2025/V37/I4/184
Fig.1  Geographic location map of the Golmud River basin
序号 一级类型 含义
1 耕地 种植农作物的土地
2 林地 生长乔木、灌木、竹类,以及沿海红树林地等林业用地
3 草地 以生长草本植物为主,覆盖度在5%以上的各类草地
4 水域 天然陆地水域和水利设施用地
5 建设用地 城乡居民点及其以外的工矿、交通等用地
6 未利用土地 目前还未利用的土地,包括难利用的土地
Tab.1  Classification system land use/land cover in the Golmud River basin
Fig.2  Inter-annual spatial distribution of land use types in the Golmud River basin
年份 统计类型 耕地 林地 草地 水域 建设用地 未利用土地
1980年 面积/km2 84.90 629.00 13 122.06 1 299.87 94.80 21 132.31
比重/% 0.23 1.73 36.09 3.57 0.26 58.11
1990年 面积/km2 88.16 629.00 13 120.01 1 265.15 97.15 21 163.48
比重/% 0.24 1.73 36.08 3.48 0.27 58.20
1995年 面积/km2 88.80 628.86 13 126.72 1264.00 87.30 21 167.49
比重/% 0.24 1.73 36.10 3.48 0.24 58.21
2000年 面积/km2 90.50 633.43 13 117.92 1265.46 113.07 21 142.56
比重/% 0.25 1.74 36.07 3.48 0.31 58.14
2005年 面积/km2 94.35 629.42 13 097.39 1 284.10 135.92 21 122.00
比重/% 0.26 1.73 36.02 3.53 0.37 58.09
2010年 面积/km2 94.34 629.59 13 095.02 1 293.69 136.20 21 114.11
比重/% 0.26 1.73 36.01 3.56 0.37 58.06
2013年 面积/km2 94.35 628.65 13 095.00 1 235.49 170.25 21 139.42
比重/% 0.26 1.73 36.01 3.40 0.47 58.13
2015年 面积/km2 94.35 629.42 13 096.50 1 298.53 134.72 21 109.66
比重/% 0.26 1.73 36.02 3.57 0.37 58.05
2020年 面积/km2 94.19 603.55 12 993.70 1 791.95 251.62 20 627.85
比重/% 0.26 1.66 35.73 4.93 0.69 56.73
Tab.2  Inter-annual area and proportion of land use types in the Golmud River basin
Fig.3  Inter-annual variation in land use types in the Golmud River basin
Fig.4  Amount of change and dynamic degree of various land use types in the Golmud River basin
1980年 2020年面积/km2 转出量/km2 转出率/%
草地 耕地 建设用地 林地 水域 未利用土地
草地 — 3.17 25.45 17.44 107.51 266.94 420.52 3.20
耕地 1.43 — 1.80 0.30 1.35 0.55 5.43 6.39
建设用地 0.50 0.27 — 0.07 3.04 0.72 4.61 4.87
林地 12.70 6.26 24.13 — 2.71 9.37 55.18 8.77
水域 6.38 4.01 0.50 1.75 — 66.12 78.75 6.06
未利用土地 271.14 1.00 109.56 10.17 456.26 — 848.12 4.01
转入量/km2 292.15 14.72 161.45 29.73 570.87 343.69 — —
转入率/% 2.25 15.62 64.16 4.93 31.86 1.67 — —
Tab.3  Land use transfer matrix of the Golmud River basin from 1980 to 2020
Fig.5  Spatial distribution of land use transfer in the Golmud River basin from 1980 to 2020
Fig.6  Trajectory of land use transfer in the Golmud River basin from 1980 to 2020
2015年 2020年面积/km2 转出量/km2 转出率/%
草地 耕地 建设用地 林地 水域 未利用土地
草地 — 0.54 14.32 19.45 106.80 367.58 508.69 3.88
耕地 1.14 — 0.58 0.61 0.39 0.29 3.01 3.19
建设用地 2.50 0.56 — 0.17 2.32 1.02 6.57 4.87
林地 19.58 0.23 24.21 — 3.57 14.88 62.47 9.93
水域 8.86 0.43 0.43 2.37 — 52.53 64.63 4.98
未利用土地 374.21 1.09 83.95 13.99 445.46 — 918.70 4.35
转入量/km2 406.29 2.85 123.48 36.59 558.54 436.30 — —
转入率/% 3.13 3.03 49.07 6.06 31.17 2.12 — —
Tab.4  Land use transfer matrix of the Golmud River basin from 2015 to 2020
类型 年份 PD/(个·hm-2) AWMSI FS
耕地 1980年 0.000 7 1.807 1 2.767 9
2000年 0.000 3 2.206 4 2.842 6
2020年 0.000 4 2.161 6 2.794 0
林地 1980年 0.002 7 2.939 1 7.771 5
2000年 0.002 7 2.921 8 7.725 3
2020年 0.002 8 2.900 6 7.734 8
草地 1980年 0.033 1 2.706 3 15.081 2
2000年 0.033 1 2.707 6 15.051 7
2020年 0.033 4 2.713 2 14.049 6
水域 1980年 0.007 7 2.345 5 4.769 4
2000年 0.007 3 2.380 8 4.704 1
2020年 0.007 6 2.354 0 4.475 3
建设用地 1980年 0.001 5 1.486 3 2.110 8
2000年 0.001 5 1.477 0 1.935 4
2020年 0.003 4 1.458 3 2.016 3
未利用土地 1980年 0.032 3 1.836 7 41.606 0
2000年 0.031 4 1.813 4 43.388 6
2020年 0.018 3 2.351 8 44.165 8
Tab.5  Results of the fragmentation indicators for various land types in the Golmud River basin
Fig.7  Inter-annual variation of meteorological and hydrological factors in the Golmud River basin
Fig.8  Spatial distribution of temperature and rainfall trends in the Golmud River basin
Fig.9  Inter-annual variation of total population and gross domestic product of Golmud City
Fig.10  Matrix of correlation coefficients of area of various land types, human activities, and meteorological and hydrological factors in the Golmud River basin
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