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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2025, Vol. 37 Issue (3) : 23-31     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2023400
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Remote sensing monitoring status and existing problems of new mining-destroyed land and land restoration and management in Henan Province in 2021
LIU Huan(), LIU Xiaoxue(), ZHANG Yun, YANG Junquan, ZENG Hui
Tianjin Centre,China Geological Survey(North China Center for Geoscience Innovation), Tianjin 300170, China
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Abstract  

Remote sensing technology plays a significant role in mining and geological environment monitoring. Based on the ArcGIS platform, and using the preprocessed data of high-spatial-resolution satellite remote sensing images for Henan Province obtained in 2020 and 2021 as the information source, this study derived the information of the new mining-destroyed land and associated restoration and management through remote sensing interpretation marks and visual interpretation. Through statistical analysis, this study summarized the mining-destroyed land characteristics and the restoration and management status throughout Henan Province, followed by suggestions for existing problems. Overall, this study provides a reference for government departments to make decisions and for protecting geological environments in mines.
Keywords Henan Province      mining-induced destruction      mine restoration and management      remote sensing monitoring     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
Issue Date: 01 July 2025
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Huan LIU
Xiaoxue LIU
Yun ZHANG
Junquan YANG
Hui ZENG
Cite this article:   
Huan LIU,Xiaoxue LIU,Yun ZHANG, et al. Remote sensing monitoring status and existing problems of new mining-destroyed land and land restoration and management in Henan Province in 2021[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025, 37(3): 23-31.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023400     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2025/V37/I3/23
类型 遥感影像 示例照片 识别特征
采场 金属矿采场:呈不规则形状,色调明显区别于周围自然地表,纹理明显,有道路相通,呈负地形。非金属矿采场:边界清晰,颜色较亮,受机械外力作用,纹理较粗糙杂乱,呈负地形,其上可看到颗粒状矿石和开矿活动痕迹。均为露天矿山
中转场地 指临时堆放矿石或加工矿石的场所。矿石堆一般分布于采场附近或地势较为平坦的地方,在影像上表现为一个或多个倒立椎体,边界较清楚,颜色较浅,场地内多有选矿设备或运输通道。选矿场和选矿池在影像上可见几何形状的围墙或环形选矿池
固体废弃物 指堆放矿石废渣的场所。固体废弃物地势高于周围地物,影像纹理粗糙,但立体感较强,边界清晰。尾矿库通常分布在沟谷地带,处于地势低洼部位,常灌有积水,影像上可见明显的拦坝,积水往往呈现暗灰色-浅灰色-灰绿的渐变色调,库内尾砂颗粒均匀细腻,无植被或植被稀疏
矿山建筑 指矿山企业在矿山开发、勘查时的基础设施建设场地和生活办公用地。形状规则,一般呈矩形排列。屋顶多呈红色、灰色或蓝色,边界较清楚,纹理简单
工程恢复治理 包括废石清理、采坑回填、护坡、覆土、复绿、造景等工程防治措施,场地明显经过人工平整。在遥感影像上呈青绿色或墨绿色,与周围自然的植被相比,纹理规则,人工种植痕迹明显
自然恢复治理 通常无人为参与,矿山关闭后,松散裸露面趋于稳定,植被与周围自然植被差异不大,影像上纹理杂乱
Tab.1  Remate sensing interpretation signs of mine land occupation and restoration
Fig.1  Remote sensing monitoring map of new mining-destroyed land in study area in 2021
Fig.2  New mining-destroyed land area of different mineral species in Henan Province in 2021
Fig.3  New mining-destroyed land area of different mine types in Henan Province in 2021
损毁前地类 损毁后地类 总计
采场 中转场地 固体废弃物 矿山建筑
耕地 190.09 67.61 43.36 1.77 302.83
林地 604.66 86.13 221.88 43.31 955.98
草地 148.30 19.80 34.65 1.45 204.19
工矿仓储用地 0.00 0.82 2.68 0.00 3.50
水域及水利设施用地 0.00 0.00 0.62 0.00 0.62
其他土地 42.69 5.57 3.40 0.00 51.65
总计 985.74 179.92 306.59 46.52 1 518.78
Tab.2  New mining-destroyed land area before and after destruction in Henan Province in 2021(hm2)
Fig.4  Remote sensing monitoring map of new mine restoration and treatment in study area in 2021
Fig.5  New mine restoration and treatment area of different mine types in Henan Province in 2021
Fig.6  Distribution map of new mine restoration and treatment of different pre-treatment types in Henan Province in 2021
Fig.7  Distribution map of new mine restoration and treatment of different types after treatment in Henan Province in 2021
Fig.8  Net increase of mine restoration and treatment in Henan Province in 2021
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