This paper studied the altered minerals under the geological and geographical conditions of the Sebei Gas Field in Qaidam Basin, and analyzed the relationship of the spectral character between the known gas field and the background district in the study area with the help of the illustration of Hyperion Imaginary and the satellite hyperspectral remote sensing data. On such a basis, 932.64~1 346.25 nm and 2 002.06~2 385.5 nm were confirmed as the optimal spectral ranges for distinguishing the information of background and that of target. Then the oil and gas special distribution information was extracted by the SAM (Spectral Angle Mapper) method. As a result, some promising gas fields such as the Taijnar gas-bearing structure were recognized, thus providing an effective method and approach to oil and gas exploration with the satellite hyperspectral remote sensing technology.