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Analysis of the groundwater storage variations and their driving factors in the three eastern coastal urban agglomerations of China |
LIN Xuemin1,2( ), LI Weifeng2( ), WANG Hong3, MING Dongping1, HAN Lijian2 |
1. School of Information Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China 2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 3. Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100036, China |
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Abstract A series of geological disasters caused by groundwater overexploitation has severely restricted the sustainable development of the three eastern coastal urban agglomerations in China: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and Pearl River Delta (PRD). To reveal the spatial-temporal dynamic variations and their driving factors of groundwater storage (GWS) in the three urban agglomerations, this study quantitatively inverted the GWS variations in the three urban agglomerations during 2002—2016 using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data. Then, attribution analysis was made using the gray relational analysis method. The results are as follows. The GWS kept decreasing at a linear rate of 1.17 cm/a in BTH, was relatively stable with slight fluctuation in YRD, and continued to increase at a linear rate of 0.43 cm/a in PRD. The GWS variations in the three urban agglomerations were all dominated by anthropogenic factors. The BTH was significantly affected by agricultural water consumption; the YRD was affected by agricultural water consumption, precipitation, surface water availability, and population; the PRD was significantly affected by both agricultural and domestic water consumption. According to the comparative analysis of the GWS variations and their driving factors among the three urban agglomerations, the development of urban agglomerations promoted industrial restructuring and upgrades the secondary and tertiary industries, with water utilization efficiency and structure improved, thus playing a positive role in groundwater protection. Considering the natural resource capacity and development patterns of the eastern coastal urban agglomerations, the key to GWS protection and restoration is to scientifically plan agricultural development and further optimize industrial structure so as to improve water utilization efficiency and prevent surface water pollution.
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Keywords
groundwater storage
groundwater utilization
urban agglomeration
GRACE
driving factor
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Issue Date: 27 December 2022
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