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Remote Sensing for Natural Resources    2024, Vol. 36 Issue (2) : 207-217     DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2023049
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Exploring the spatio-temporal evolution of land cover types in the Bayannur section of the Yellow River basin from 1989 to 2020
LIU Yongxin(), ZHANG Siyuan(), BIAN Peng, WANG Pijun, YUAN Shuai
Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Hohhot 010010, China
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Abstract  

Changes in land cover types play a significant role in investigating the changes in regional ecological environments. This study aims to accurately determine the changes in land cover types in the Bayannur section of the Yellow River basin from 1989 to 2020. Based on Landsat data images, and combining visual interpretation with supervised random forest classification, this study interpreted and classified the land cover types of banners/counties within the Bayannur section at an average interval of 10 years from 1989 to 2020. The accuracy verification reveals an overall classification accuracy of above 85% and a Kappa coefficient of above 0.80. As demonstrated by the transfer change matrix of land cover types, the Bayannur section during the study period saw a decrease of 22.17% in sandy land, a reduction of 26.18% in grassland, an increase of 20.83% in cultivated land, and subtle variations in water surfaces. Different areas exhibited distinct changes in land cover types. Desert steppe areas were characterized by mutual transformation between sandy land and grassland. Cultivated and sandy land areas primarily exhibited a shift from sandy land to cultivated land, significantly represented by Dengkou County, where the sandy land decreased by 32.17% and the cultivated land increased by 57.48% in 2020 compared to 1989. Changes in land cover types of desert steppe areas were driven by both social and natural factors, whereas those of cultivated and sandy land areas were predominantly subjected to social factors. The results of this study will provide effective data reference and support for more rational planning and utilization of land space.
Keywords land cover type      supervised classification      random forest     
ZTFLH:  TP79  
  TP751.1  
Issue Date: 14 June 2024
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Yongxin LIU
Siyuan ZHANG
Peng BIAN
Pijun WANG
Shuai YUAN
Cite this article:   
Yongxin LIU,Siyuan ZHANG,Peng BIAN, et al. Exploring the spatio-temporal evolution of land cover types in the Bayannur section of the Yellow River basin from 1989 to 2020[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2024, 36(2): 207-217.
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https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/10.6046/zrzyyg.2023049     OR     https://www.gtzyyg.com/EN/Y2024/V36/I2/207
Fig.1  Location of study area
Fig.2  Technology flowchart for the surface coverage types classification
地表覆盖类型 分布特征 分类方法 分类代码
裸岩石砾地 主要分布在研究区中部阴山-狼山一带,连片出露面积较大,根据岩性不同,影像特征变化较大,与其他地类可区分度较低 目视解译 0
沙地 大面积沙地主要分布在研究区西部的博克特沙漠及其周边,以及乌梁素海东侧山间平原地带,小面积分布在河套灌区内及乌拉特草原 监督分类 1
草地 主要分布在乌梁素海东部山间平原和北部的乌拉特草原,研究区主要为草原类型荒漠草原,植被生长状况受降水影响较大 监督分类 2
耕地 耕地主要分布在研究区南部河套平原,主要以黄河水灌溉的水浇地为主,分布面积较大 监督分类 3
静水水面 静水水面主要为研究区内一些小面积湖泊,一般不具流动性,且水生植物生长较少,在假彩色影像上通常呈暗绿色或黑色 监督分类 4
流动水面 流动水面主要指黄河河道内水域,由于黄河高流动性和高含沙量,在假彩色影像上通常呈土黄色 监督分类
含水生植物水面 主要为乌梁素海水域,由于乌梁素海水域水体流动性较差,水域内水生植物生长茂密,在影响特征上与耕地相类似,为提高解译精度,本次研究将乌梁素海水域范围单独进行目视解译 目视解译
Tab.1  Classification information of surface coverage type in study area
Fig.3  Precision of surface coverage type interpretation in 2020
分类区域 1989年 2000年 2010年 2020年
总体分类
精度/%		 Kappa
系数		 总体分类
精度/%		 Kappa
系数		 总体分类
精度/%		 Kappa
系数		 总体分类
精度/%		 Kappa
系数
乌拉特前旗 88.41 0.83 91.61 0.87 95.33 0.93 87.49 0.82
乌拉特中旗 95.13 0.91 96.03 0.94 96.26 0.92 88.52 0.82
乌拉特后旗 82.23 0.81 83.33 0.84 85.65 0.82 87.45 0.86
五原县 97.80 0.96 95.40 0.92 97.89 0.96 96.80 0.93
临河区 96.32 0.94 95.65 0.91 93.86 0.93 93.43 0.90
杭锦后旗 89.98 0.89 90.23 0.96 91.60 0.95 90.02 0.89
磴口县 93.36 0.92 94.28 0.93 94.46 0.91 95.28 0.93
Tab.2  Evaluation results of image supervised classification accuracy in Bayannur area of Yellow River Basin from 1989 to 2020
Fig.4  Distribution range of bare rock gravel in Bayannaoer section of Yellow River Basin
Fig.5  Distribution of surface coverage types in Bayannaoer section of Yellow River Basin from 1989 to 2020
Fig.6  Changes of land cover types in Bayannaoer section of the Yellow River Basin from 1989 to 2020
Fig.7  Changes of land cover types in Urad Front Banner from 1989 to 2000
Fig.8  Changes of surface coverage types in Urat Middle Banner and Urat Rear Banner from 1989 to 2020
Fig.9  Changes of land cover types in Wuyuan County, Linhe District and Hangjinhou Banner from 1989 to 2020
Fig.10  Changes of land cover types in Dengkou County from 1989 to 2020
主成分 特征值 贡献率/% 累计贡献率/%
1 2.467 41.109 41.109
2 1.552 25.859 66.968
3 1.203 20.055 87.023
4 0.416 6.936 93.959
5 0.300 5.002 98.961
6 0.062 1.039 100.000
Tab.3  Eigevvalues,contribution rate and cumulative contribution rate in PCA
影响因子 第一主成分 第二主成分 第三主成分
粮食总产量 0.942 0.196 0.115
国民生产总值 0.841 0.354 0.327
年均气温 0.766 -0.171 -0.362
昼夜温差 0.007 0.923 -0.114
降雨量 0.229 -0.505 0.772
人口 0.482 -0.502 -0.586
Tab.4  Principal component analysis of driving factors
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